全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12523篇 |
免费 | 2504篇 |
国内免费 | 1491篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 8296篇 |
晶体学 | 163篇 |
力学 | 242篇 |
综合类 | 89篇 |
数学 | 266篇 |
物理学 | 7462篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 175篇 |
2022年 | 330篇 |
2021年 | 530篇 |
2020年 | 673篇 |
2019年 | 522篇 |
2018年 | 471篇 |
2017年 | 584篇 |
2016年 | 655篇 |
2015年 | 547篇 |
2014年 | 785篇 |
2013年 | 1150篇 |
2012年 | 832篇 |
2011年 | 818篇 |
2010年 | 677篇 |
2009年 | 716篇 |
2008年 | 820篇 |
2007年 | 820篇 |
2006年 | 766篇 |
2005年 | 616篇 |
2004年 | 595篇 |
2003年 | 504篇 |
2002年 | 426篇 |
2001年 | 369篇 |
2000年 | 301篇 |
1999年 | 229篇 |
1998年 | 229篇 |
1997年 | 224篇 |
1996年 | 188篇 |
1995年 | 181篇 |
1994年 | 154篇 |
1993年 | 120篇 |
1992年 | 112篇 |
1991年 | 72篇 |
1990年 | 72篇 |
1989年 | 65篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 26篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Jieping Wang Norbert Moszner Kurt Dietliker Hansjörg Grützmacher Robert Liska 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(4):473-479
The monoacylphosphineoxide (MAPO) salts Na‐TPO and Li‐TPO and the bisacylphosphineoxide (BAPO) salts BAPO‐ONa and BAPO‐OLi define an important and in the latter case a new class of water‐soluble photoinitiators (PIs) for radical polymerization. These compounds showed excellent water‐solubility of at least 29 g/L for Na‐TPO and up to 60 g/L for BAPO‐ONa in deionized water, thus exceeding the solubility of the state of the art PI for water‐based systems Irgacure 2959 ( I2959 ) 6‐ to 12‐fold. However, biocompatibility, storage stability, and reactivity were equally important to replace the state of the art compounds. Concerning these properties, the MAPO and BAPO salts were at least in the same range (biocompatibility, stability) or showed even better results (reactivity) and had the additional advantage of visible light initiation. Na‐TPO and Li‐TPO achieved double bond conversions of an aqueous solution of N‐acryloylmorpholine over 97% with broad band irradiation (320–500 nm), Li‐TPO showed additionally very good biocompatibility (LC50 = 3.1 mmol/L) and BAPO‐OLi showed highest reactivity with visible light irradiation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 473–479 相似文献
42.
Angle‐dependent light scattering by highly uniform colloidal rod‐shaped microparticles: Experiment and simulation 下载免费PDF全文
Roy Rotstein Aym Berges Samir Mitragotri Daniel E. Morse Martin Moskovits 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2016,54(18):1889-1895
While extensive theoretical work has been devoted to analyzing scattering behavior for nonspherical particles, few experimental studies of the light‐scattering properties of such particles are available, largely because of the difficulty of synthesizing such particles with uniform geometries. Here we report the synthesis of highly uniform, volume‐equivalent rod‐shaped colloidal particles prepared from their commercial spherical counterparts, on which we performed light scattering experiments as a function of scattering angle for micro rods with varying aspect ratio and volume. These results were compared to values calculated using the T‐Matrix method. Good agreement with theoretical predictions was found for the experimentally measured scattering cross sections and the angular dependence of the scattering intensity. An increase in the forward scattering intensity is observed and predicted for particles with larger aspect ratios relative to their volume equivalent spheres, with only minor differences observed at both mid‐range and backscattering angles. Furthermore, the light scattering results for the rod‐shaped particles did not show the scattering fringes seen in scattering by the spheres, indicating that as three‐dimensional symmetry is broken, the associated Lorenz–Mie resonances are strongly attenuated. This observation also was predicted by theory. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 1889–1895 相似文献
43.
The most common methodology used in element concentration measurement and analyzing of wear particles is Atomic emission (AE) spectroscopy .The present paper presents an evaluation method on wear in po... 相似文献
44.
45.
Dr. Zhibo Liu Daniel Chao Dr. Ying Li Prof. Dr. Richard Ting Jihyoon Oh Prof. Dr. David M. Perrin 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(10):3924-3928
Organotrifluoroborates solvolyze in water at rates that vary over five orders of magnitude. The negative logarithm of the solvolytic rate constant, pk(B?F), correlates exceptionally well with the pKa of the analogous carboxylic acid (R2=0.984). This unforeseen correlation may be of predictive value for several applications including Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions and the design of 18F‐organotrifluoroborate radioprosthetic groups. 相似文献
46.
Wei Zhe Teo Prof. Martin Pumera 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(42):14796-14804
As we progress towards employing self‐propelled micro‐/nanomotors in envisioned applications such as cargo delivery, environmental remediation, and therapeutic treatments, precise control of the micro‐/nanomotors direction and their speed is essential. In this Review, major emerging approaches utilized for the motion control of micro‐/nanomotors have been discussed, together with the lastest publications describing these approaches. Future studies could incorporate investigations on micro‐/nanomotors motion control in a real‐world environment in which matrix complexity might disrupt successful manipulation of these small‐scale devices. 相似文献
47.
《Wave Motion》2020
Three problems for a discrete analog of the Helmholtz equation are studied analytically using the plane wave decomposition and the Sommerfeld integral approach. They are: (1) the problem with a point source on an entire plane; (2) the problem of diffraction by a Dirichlet half-line; (3) the problem of diffraction by a Dirichlet right angle. It is shown that the total field can be represented as an integral of an algebraic function over a contour drawn on some manifold. The latter is a torus. As a result, explicit solutions are obtained in terms of recursive relations (for the Green’s function), algebraic functions (for the half-line problem), or elliptic functions (for the right angle problem). 相似文献
48.
Georgia Ivanova Nadezhda Bozova Nikolay Petkov Dr. Cunbin An Dr. Benlin Hu Monika Mutovska Konstantin Konstantinov Dr. Yulian Zagranyarski Dr. Vladimira Videva Adelina Yordanova Prof. Martin Baumgarten Prof. Anela Ivanova 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(16):e202104411
Computational modeling of the optical characteristics of organic molecules with potential for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) may assist markedly the development of more efficient emitting materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Recent theoretical studies in this area employ mostly methods from density functional theory (DFT). In order to obtain accurate predictions within this approach, the choice of a proper functional is crucial. In the current study, we focus on testing the performance of a set of DFT functionals for estimation of the excitation and emission energy and the excited singlet-triplet energy gap of three newly synthesized compounds with capacity for TADF. The emitters are designed specifically to enable charge transfer by π-electron conjugation, at the same time possessing high-energy excited triplet states. The functionals chosen for testing are from various groups ranging from gradient-corrected through global hybrids to range-separated ones. The results show that the monitored optical properties are especially sensitive to how the long-range part of the exchange energy is treated within the functional. The accurate functional should also be able to provide well balanced distribution of the π-electrons among the molecular fragments. Global hybrids with moderate (less than 0.4) share of exact exchange (B3LYP, PBE0) and the meta-GGA HSE06 are outlined as the best performing methods for the systems under study. They can predict all important optical parameters correctly, both qualitatively and quantitatively. 相似文献
49.
Donglei Wei Huili Li Chuanqing Yang Jianmin Fu Hou Chen Liangjiu Bai Wenxiang Wang Huawei Yang Lixia Yang Ying Liang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(10):1588-1594
Acridone as a new kind of visible light photocatalyst has been developed to catalyze metal free atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The photocatalyst possess low excited state potential as can undergo an oxidative quenching pathway to initiate ATRP of vinyl monomers. Kinetic study and light on/off reaction demonstrate the “living”/controlled nature of the polymerization by light. Block copolymers can be achieved by using PMMA as macroinitiator to reinitiate polymerization of other vinyl monomers, which shows highly preserved Br chain-end functionality in the synthesized polymers. Moreover, the polymerization can be conducted under air atmosphere as most photocatalysts need anaerobic condition, which may give inspiration of further application of this kind of photocatalyst. 相似文献
50.
Xianghao Luo Anqi Tian Mengyu Pei Dr. Jiaying Yan Dr. Xiang Liu Prof. Long Wang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(3):e202103361
With the development of green chemistry, it is still a challenge to maintain the unstable valence state of the metal in heterogeneous catalysts and realize new catalytic synthesis methods. In this paper, it is reported that an univalent copper nanocomposite (Cu@Al/SBA-15) can efficiently catalyze the formation of novel amino-containing benzotriazoles with great fluorescence properties in a new synthetic strategy. Subsequently, its application is further verified by an acylation reaction to produce a series of novel benzotriazoles derivatives with high yield. It is worth noting that the Cu@Al/SBA-15 nanocomposites not only enable the reaction completed with high yield in a short time, but can also be recycled many times without a significant reduction in activity, and the leaching of copper and aluminum species in reaction system is negligible. Finally, the detailed and feasible reaction mechanism is also provided. 相似文献